Informal payments for health services: the experience of Bulgaria after 10 years of formal co-payments
نویسندگان
چکیده
منابع مشابه
Out-of-pocket payments for health care services in Bulgaria: financial burden and barrier to access.
BACKGROUND In recent years, Bulgaria has increasingly relied on out-of-pocket payments as one of the main sources of health care financing. However, it is largely unknown whether the official patient charges, combined with informal payments, are affordable for the population. Our study aimed to explore the scale of out-of-pocket payments for health care services and their affordability. METHO...
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متن کاملOut-of-Pocket Patient Payments for Public Health Care Services in Bulgaria
1 Department of Health Economics and Management, Faculty of Public Health, Medical University of Varna, Varna, Bulgaria, 2 Department of Health Services Research, Faculty of Health, Medicine and Life Sciences, CAPHRI, Maastricht University Medical Center, Maastricht University, Maastricht, Netherlands, 3 Topinstitute Evidence-Based Education Research (TIER), Maastricht University, Maastricht, N...
متن کاملThe Reality behind Informal Health Payments in Iran: “Under the Table Payments” or “On the Table Payments”?
Unfortunately, informal payments for health care are responsible for a considerable share of patients' out-of-pocket payments in Iran (1, 2). Almost all health care users and providers are familiar with such payments with the name of “under the table payments” in Iran (3). About half of Iranian health care seekers have faced with such payments at least one time during a year (2). Although the i...
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Background: Informal payments in the health sector of many developing countries are considered as a major impediment to health care reforms. Informal payments are a form of systemic fraud and have adverse effects on the performance of the health system. In this study, the frequency and extent of informal payments as well as the determinants of these payments were investigated in general hospita...
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ژورنال
عنوان ژورنال: European Journal of Public Health
سال: 2013
ISSN: 1464-360X,1101-1262
DOI: 10.1093/eurpub/ckt165